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Question: I have the following questions:

1) What should be the goal of a person in life?
2) What is the goal of God in creating / enacting this play of life and death?
3) What has to be the whole purpose of a person's life?
4) What is it that is making me do all these things?
5) Why is everybody running after name, fame & money? These questions are following me even in my dreams.
Expecting a reply soon.
Answer: 1. To realise the real nature of man.
2. There is no goal for God except giving the Karmaphala.
3. To realise the real nature of man.
4. Your Karmaphala makes you do all these things.
5. Because of ignorance man does not know that all these are ephemeral.

Question: I read that research is going on to create artificial life. Artificial Reproductive techniques like, test tube babies, Surrogate motherhood, cloaning are evolving gradually. Is it technology abuse? Shall we be alarmed? I believe without God's permission nothing will happen. Are all these His play?
What is the relationship between and among body, mind, intelect and Soul? As the requirements of these are different, if we practise enrichment of one are we starving others? Is it possible only Intelect can take us towards liberation? Or, which of them are closely related among mind, intelect and Self?

Answer: You yourself have given the answer to the question. Everything is the God's play. If God wants man also to create, all these things will happen.
Intellect can never take to liberation. Where intellect stops, there realisation starts. Intellect will help you only to know what you should realise. This Vedanta calls it as indirect knowledge. Direct knowledge comes from experience. You can get the theoretical knowledge of sugar by reading books, but the experience comes only when you put the sugar into mouth.

Question: I am a devotee of Sri Ramakrishna. I am doing my B.Sc. I found that Swami Vivekananda once said that with the advent of Sri Ramakrishna Avatar the Satya Yuga has begun. Again we find Sri Ramakrishna saying,"Naradiya Bhakti in the Kali Yuga", "Kalite vedmat chale na"(The path of Vedas is not for the Kali Yuga), "Kalite annagata pran"- about religion in the Kali Yuga. My question is, is Sri Ramakrishna stressing on the principles of Dharma of the Kali Yuga because we are living in a transitional phase between Kali & Satya Yuga? I am eager to know how we can correlate Swamiji's declaration (begining of Satya Yuga with Sri Ramakrishna) & Thakur's advices on religion in the Kali Yuga. I will be very grateful to you if you kindly enlighten me about how Yugavatar Sri Ramakrishna has been a bridge between the essentials of Kali Yuga & Satya Yuga.

Answer: It is extremely difficult to understand what Swamiji has definitely meant by Satyayuga. But, since he has said, it has to become. Only we have to wait and see. But, one thing is certain because of the advent of Sri Ramakrishna - the Hindu religion has been saved. I am also sure that the whole world has to turn towards the religion of Sri Ramakrishna which lays emphasis on the unity of religions.

Question: What is the difference between the following: Japa, Tapa, Dhayna, Puja, and equvalent words in English for the above? Human beings have got desires and they pray, worship God for their fulfillment.. May be our greed or we really in need of them. In difficulties, to get over them.. These are all related to this world.. But, very few people wish for higher things like salvation, realisation of self. What humbly, I want to know is what methodology we have to adopt for realisation of the self. A simple thing like repeating RAMANAMA can lead us there.. Or Mantras are more effective.. Were our ancient saints trained how to do Tapasya or on their own, they went about it ?

Answer: The equivalent words are - repetition of Lord's Name, Austerities, Meditation & Worship. Each is a different type of Spiritual Practice. This desires & greed - one has to discriminate for oneself and decide, because, what is desire for one may not be greed for another. I wish you read some book on Spiritual Subjects which will clear most of your doubts.

Question: When I sit for meditation, lot of other thoughts makes the meditation less effective. So that sometimes meditation is effective and sometimes not. What should I do?

Answer: This is a very common problem for everybody. Go on persisting. After a long time, you will be able to concentrate. Try to keep the mind always pure.

Question: In complete works of Swami Vivekananda, Swamiji explained about 4 kinds of Sanyasa : 1) Vidvat Sanyasa, 2) Vividisha Sannyasa, 3) Markata Sanyasa & 4) Atura Sanyasa. Since I could not understand the same, particularly the 3rd type, I request you to explain the same in detail.

Answer: It is difficult to explain the question you have asked in a short letter. However, I shall try to explain you briefly.
The renunciation must be always natural, rising with the desire for realization of God. Markata means - monkey. The monkey is always restless. Sometimes a man is not at all inclined to spiritual life. But, a sudden tragedy at house such as death of a dear one makes him loose interest in life and he wants to renounce the world. Such renunciation will be lost only as long as that grief remains in his mind. After sometimes again he gets interested in worldly life and forgets all about his renunciation. Such a renunciation is called Markata Sannyasa.

Question: I am a student. I am deeply inspired by the ideals of Sri Ramakrishna, Holy Mother & Swami Vivekananda. I have been initiated. Beside my spritual practices, I get great pleasure in reading the 'Complete works of Swami Vivekananda'.
I find in the 'Raja Yoga', the practice of Pranayama by an untrained person can have bad effects. I am keen to know which parts of Raja Yoga can be safely practised by ordinary people & whether one would lose something by omitting Pranayama in order to achieve a harmony between the four Yogas as depicted by Sri Ramakrishna. I will be very grateful to you if you kindly reply my question in the light of Sri Ramakrishna & Swami Vivekananda.

Answer: Pranayama is not a compulsory thing. But a simple Pranayama helps for the concentration. Swamiji has explained it in his Raja Yoga in the introduction. You can safely follow that.

Question: I was reading the book by Pandit B.N.K. Sharma, "The teachings of Madhva in His own words". I find that he has very strong arguments for reality of the world and individuality of souls (as different from each other). According to Advaita, differences are due to illusion, i.e. actually wood is same as rice which is same as iron etc. So isn't it natural to expect that if someone is actually realised in Advaita, he must be able to subsist on air/wood or anything and not insist on having conventional food stuffs, e.g. rice etc. (Which are all illusory visons of the homogeneous Brahman). In general I find the Dvaita school to be quite a formidable counter philosophy to Advaita, what is the Advaitic defence to Madhva's arguments. Do Advaitins have any counter questions to Dvaita?

Answer: The whole philosophy of Shankara and his followers do counter the arguments of Dvaita and all other schools. And the same with the Dvaitins. If you are really interested in, you should read the commentaries on Brahmasutras by Shankara and his followers as well as Madva and his followers.

Question: What is the significance of Guru Purnima ? Is it suggested that devotees should bear all hardships ( e.g., Standing in long queues for hours), just to offer a momentary pranam to their Gurus on that particular day? What is the underlining utility of this occassion ? Is there any book that can inform me about the significance of Guru Purima ?

Answer: I don't know who has explained you the significance of Gurupurnima in this manner. It is supposed to be sage Vyasa's birth and death day. Since he is considered as the Parama Guru, it is celebrated as Gurupurnima. Remembering our Guru and spending more time on spiritual practice on that day is the best way to celebrate it. There is a book called 'Guru Gita' which is in the form Sanskrit verses. Of course, it does not explain what is Gurupurnima.

Response to the Above: I do realize how blind I am about our own ocassions / rituals. Can I bother you with another question ? I have taken initiation. But being introvert by nature, I don't believe in bothering other people with my problems. So I don't even open up to my Guru for guidence, not only because I'm an introvert, but also because he is very busy doing good for humanity and I feel I should not disturb him with my petty problems / confusions. I just pray to God and believe that He's the best guide, the only person that I can pour out to without wasting others time ! Am I thinking on the right lines ? Or is it risky to solely depend upon such devine guidence without proper spiritual maturity ? Since it is suggested that one should not consider his Guru to be a mere human, but should know one's Guru and Ishta / God to be one, am I under-estimating my Guru by saying that he'll get disturbed / I'll waste his time (after all who can waste God's time !) ?

Reply to the Above: You may write to your Guru without any hesitation. He will be too happy to guide you.

Question: Kindly enlighten me how to forget for a few minutes about our environment, external sorroundings indeed external world and dwell into innerself.. Will Dhayna (Meditation) lead us there?

Answer: You have put in a very simple manner what our ancient sages have tried hundreds of years to succeed in what you have asked for. It is possible, but it requires patience, perseverance and long practice. Try and wish you all success. Dhyana is the only method for it.

Question: I am a married man with 2 children and I am 37 years of age. My queries are with reference to the 7 planes of the mind, discussed at several places in "The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna". (For example, it is described in Chapter 6, The Master with the Brahmo devotees (I), October 28, 1882). Here, Sri Ramakrishna says that the 4th plane is located at the heart and when the mind dwells there, one has the first glimpse of spiritual consciousness. One sees light all around. Such a man, perceiving the divine light, becomes speechless with wonder and says: 'Ah! What is this? What is this?' His mind does not go downward to the objects of the world. How to make the mind go to the 4th plane? Is an intiation by one whose mind has already reached the 4th (or higher) plane necessary to reach the 4th plane of the mind? I do practice of Suryanamaskaar, Pranayama and prayer in the morning. When I pray, I ask God that I may remember Him all the time. I also do Japa of Sri Rama mentally or chanting softly (whenever He makes me remember), while at work or home or going from home to work and back. Is this the way to get a glimpse of spiritual consciousness?

Answer: I am happy to note your interest in spiritual matters. I wish that you continue the spiritual practice which you are already practising. The path of Raja Yoga mentioned in the Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, is a different path and you need a Guru to guide you and also that will be a full time job, which means you have to dedicate your whole life for that purpose. But, the same result can be attained by constantly praying to the Lord and leading a pure life.

Question: Why people offer animals as a worship to God?

Answer: This is a controversial question, on which much can be said on both the sides. This tradition is coming from ages. So, it cannot be said whether it is right or wrong. Only, if we are averse to it, let us keep away from it and don't bother to convert others.

Question: What is the importance Upanayanam in Hindu religion. It is said that only those people who gone through Upanayanam, should chant Gayatri. Why it is like that?

Answer: In the Hindu custom, Upanayanam is a rebirth to a man, when he is invested into spiritual life. If you are invested ceremoniously, it has its sanctity. However, you are free to chant Gayatri. Learn it from one who knows it.

Question: Is it true that there is/are higher world/s where there is no old age, death, disease etc. Second doubt is - Are we i.e., has every individual (human being) reached some spritual stage however much initial stage it may be and he goes further only and not back or he may fall down and has to start again. In other words, if a person reached a stage of some power of discrimination about right and wrong, some amount of control over his senses, are they likely to decrease? or they won't ?

Answer: According to our scriptures, there do exist the heaven & hell. People who do meritorious acts in this world, do reach the heaven and enjoy as long as the merit lasts. It is only the question of pure faith.
Regarding the progress or coming down, depends on the way of life you lead. After making some progress, if you continue your spiritual practice, you will be going up. If you indulge yourself in sensual activities, you will be going down. If you remain neutral there will not be either progress & degradation.

Question: Even though I practise Japam, I am not able to come out of the attachment of women related thoughts. I think more about sex. I feel shy while seeing women. Can you help me in this regard ?

Answer: What you have written is the common problem of all. But it is possible to remain pure, if you follow the following advices:

1. Read good books,

2. Avoid talking to women when they are alone,

3. Do not see the films which highlight the sex.

Question: I am working in a software firm. I am 23 years of age now. I was intitiated in 1998 when I was in college. I was chanting that Mantra regularly for 2 years and I used to attend the classes for the youth in Ramakrishna Math, Chennai. I found that my mind was getting a bit pure and clear. But after I got my job (through campus interviews), I lost my control of my mind and I stopped doing Japa and started enjoying like a normal college guy.
At present, I am working in Mumbai .What I want is a good, pure life free from jealousy, desire for girls, deceit. Nowadays I do Japa of 'Om Namah Shivaya'. I do not chant the intitiated mantra because I am afraid of some things. I do read works of Vivekanda though not regularly. ... ...
I am learning music and I hear lot of carnatic, Western classic and cinema songs/music. Also I am learning violin for few months. Hearing pure classical music is sometimes boring and I hear cinema songs to pass that boredom. Will hearing music disturb the mentality of a person ?

Answer: The Mantra given by the Guru will help you to purify your mind. It is natural for men to err, but God will definitely forgive, if you are sincere in correcting yourself. If you are finding peace in repeating Shiva Mantra, you may continue to do so, but you have to do the Japam of the Mantra given by your Guru, at least as much as he has asked you to do.
Regarding the music, the cinema songs will only lead you towards more & more desires. There are so many devotional songs. It is better to hear them, or cultivate the habit of reading good books. That will always help you to keep your mind in higher levels.

Question: I have a question - When I try to do meditation in the morning -that is the days when I can concentrate better, I suddenly realize after sometime that my mouth is opened. I have never seen anybody meditating with open mouth, I wonder if this is natural or something I should try to control

Answer: If it is possible to close the mouth, it is good. It can be done by practice.

Question: There was a statement by Swami Vivekananda : "It is good and grand to conquer external nature but grander still to conquer our internal nature." What comprises internal nature? Are they our thoughts? What practical methods exist and need to be practised for one to try conquering the internal nature ?

Answer: Conquering the internal nature is controlling the mind. It has to be done through meditation. For details, read Swami Vivekananda's Raja Yoga.

Question: I want to ask you a question I have always pondered on. Though I am a strong believer in God and the scriptures, sometimes I cannot but think that if man suffers or prospers according to his past karma, then why does one pray to God, I mean what could be the role of God? If he has committed a crime in his previous birth for which he is undergoing suffering, is there no way out for him? Surely, praying to God and asking his forgiveness for his previous sins (which he is not aware of in this birth) may help? Please guide me.
Another question I would like to know is that suppose A harms B. It is understood that it is the fate of B and 'dushkarma' (bad action) of A. Both seem to be contradictory to me, if it is the fate of B then how is it the 'dushkarma of' 'A'? Again if the cycle of A harming B and vice versa goes on, does that mean that neither of them are at fault?. I do not know if I am able to frame my words and doubts properly. Still I expect guidance from you.

Answer: The Theory of Karma is a complex one and needs a detailed study of it. This has different aspects.

1. It is no doubt, one has to enjoy or suffer according to the deeds he has committed in previous lives. If you fully believe in the theory of Karma, the present attitude of prayer also comes under your Karma itself. You are destined to pray also. That is why you are praying.

2. If we believe half-way and think that your present prayer is not because of the past deed, that is, now you are praying to God to help you to overcome the suffering, the God will definitely help you. He does not remove all the sufferings, but gives a wonderful strength to the mind to bear it patiently and face the problems. I wish you read Swami Vivekananda's Karma Yoga which deals in detail all the aspects of Karma.

3. Regarding your 'A' and 'B', if 'A' has to do 'Dushkarma', there must be a 'B' to suffer for it. Even that is arranged according to the Karma only. That is, one who has to do 'Dushkarma', he will be 'A' and one who has to suffer, according the past karma, will be 'B'. God only brings them together.

Question: How to control our mind not to expect anything from others except doing our duty?

Answer: This noble quality which you have mentioned has to be developed very slowly. After many failures, we shall succeed surely. But it may take a long time. In the beginning, we have to learn to be unselfish as much as possible. When we become absolutely unselfish, then only we shall not expect anything from anybody, rather, we shall always feel like giving to others.

Question: I have this curiosity in my mind. I have studied the Bhagavad Gita quite a lot. I have attended a lot of religious discourses. Certainly by observing Karma Yoga, etc., the world will be a better place to live in. What I am trying to say is that religion certainly without a doubt makes a man better. But is this the intended goal of religion, or is there certainly a Conscious & Watching Entity whom we call God? Is there a person in this year - say 2003 who can say without a single doubt in his mind that there is a GOD watching our activities. Also, since I am a Dvaitin, I will not be satisfied by an Advaitic answer.

Answer: As you have said correctly, Religion has a great role in everybody's life. The purpose of Religion is two-fold:

1. To make the life happy while living,

2. Realise the Supreme while living.

Of course, both are not two water-tight compartments. Since you are a Dvaitin, have infinite faith in the Lord and pursue the path sincerely as prescribed in the scripture. Then you will see the great enemies of the mind such as - greed, desire, hatred, anger, etc. will vanish gradually and you will have peace of mind, which will help you to develop more and more faith and devotion towards the Lord.

Question: Can females chant the Gayatri Mantra regularly?

Answer: Definitely it can be done, as we also have evidence that women were instituted into Upanayana during the Ramayana period.

Question: I am working as a Senior Software Engineer in Bangalore. I do practise meditation, Pranayama and Gayatri Japa daily. Kindly clarify me the following: How to develop desire to realise GOD. How I can move further in Sadhana (Spiritual Practice).

Answer: I am happy you are doing Gayatri Japa.
By discriminating constantly about the unreality of the world and the sufferings one has to face, your love towards God should increase. Spend more and more time in Japa, meditation and reading of good books and attend religious discourses.

Question: It is said that Karma Yoga and Raja Yoga (the Path of Meditation) lead to the same end, but as in Raja Yoga one meditates and has certain expiriences to indicate his progress similarly do we have any bench marks to check progress in Karma Yoga.

Answer: Karma Yoga is not so easy as one understands. He who has faith in God and dedicates fruits of his actions to God, can only perform Karma Yoga. If you are sincere, you too will have the visions of the Lord. Of course, it is also possible not to have any faith in God, still practise Karma Yoga. But it is most difficult task.

Question: I have been practising meditation for few months, but I find after meditating for few minutes, the energy of both the mind & body diminishes so much that I have to discontinue. (I take nutrisitious food.) I find that lack of energy is a great obstacle to success. Please suggest something.

Answer: It is only a mental imagination that you do not have enough energy to meditate. Try to sit compulsorily at least for 15 minutes. You will be able to do it.

Question: The science today talks about heridity, genes, etc. to solve the problems of defects in birth, diseases etc. They are trying to talk tall about the DNA and chains, etc. But I do not understand how the theory will explain the different behaviour of the brothers born to the same parents both at different times and almost together (twins)? How one child is behaving differently from the other. I understand our philosphy states that "you choose your parents".

Answer: The Hinduism believes firmly in the theory of Karma, i.e., whatever a man does, he has to undergo the effects of that work - either good or bad, either in this life or lives to come. I wish you read Swami Vivekananda's Karma Yoga to know more about it.

Question: I am living abroad. I am much interested in Advaitic philosophy and currently reading works of Vivekananda. I was blessed to have some good people around me to give guidance in this journey (Though the Law of the Land where I live does not allow any public religious activities). Also lucky to receive some great books from Ramakrishna Math. I wish to write many things to you and sure this will give me a good start. Currently I request you to help me on the following two items.
1. Though I read a lot books on Advaita especially from the works of Adi Sankara and Vivekananda, I find it very difficult to meditate. I tried with the audio cassettes from Ramakrishna Mission. The mind starts wavering and all other thoughts come to my mind. I do chant Vishnu Sahasranamam early morning almost every day, and a lot of other Slokas (Panchaksharms, Bhajagovindam, etc. taken from Sri Sankara's collection) during the evening prayer. Since I am more interested in Advaitic philosophy where the Truth is above names and forms, do these chanting retard me in the Advaitic path?
2. This item is really disturbing me for the last few days and tried find an answer from many, but no clear answers. I am sure you will be able to help me in this.
This happened when I was talking to my friend who is a pure Krishna Bakta (a devotee of Lord Krishna), about my Advaitic views. I told him that I am Krishna / Vishnu Bakta but I wish to come out of the names and forms especially with the help of Adi Sankara's teachings. His view / argument was that, there is nothing beyond Krishna and it is not possible to get rid of the forms and names, the highest is to surrender to him (Lord Krishna). Other than Krishna all others are demigods then he quoted a verse from Adi Sankara's teaching itself as follows:
Sripad Sankaracharya writes the follwing in his Gita-Mahatmya (glorification of the Bhagavad Gita):
"Ekam sastram devaki-putra-gitam
Eko devo Devaki-putra eva
Eko Mantras tasya namani yani
Karmapy ekam tasya devasya seva."
"Let the world have one scripture: The Bhagavad-Gita. Let there one God be worshipped: Sri Krishna. Let there be one Mantra chanted: His holy names; and let there be only one activity: the devotional service of the Supreme Lord Sri Krishna."
After reading this I am a little disturbed and confused, whether I am in the right path or not, because the above words are from Sankaracharya himself who talk about highest Advaitism. In Gita Bhagavan says that, "Those who worship demigods will reach them (demigods), but Mukthi is not possible till you reach me". Here when he said pray me is that me stands for the Devaki-putra or the supreme Consciousness?

Answer: Chanting of the Stotras are helpful even to Advaitic path to purify the mind. Sri Shankara himself was a great devotee in spite of being a confirmed Advaitin. To reach to the state of highest Advaita, purification of the mind, is the preliminary requisite. So, continue to chant, praying sincerely, for the purity of mind.
The shloko that you have quoted, is not from Aadi Shankara, in the first place. Secondly, Lord Krishna talks of Dvaita, Vishista Advaita and above all Advaita, in the Bhagavad Gita. These are all different stages and one need not have any conflict in this issue. Moreover, it is futile that one argues with another, since, the paths are totally different. So, do not get confused, but pursue your path sincerely.

Question: Two years back, by Lord's grace, I got a chance to read Swami Vivekananda's life and his Chicago speech. Since then I have been deeply interested in spirituality. But what is preventing my spiritual growth is what is know as "time sickness". I always feel that I am at a lack of time. I can do everything in time and I also have lots of free time. But still I feel a serious lack of time, despite of my having no pending work. This keeps me always in a sense of anxiety. I used to feel that I should realise God in this very life itself but now this feeling also seems to be due to "time sickness". I sincerely seek your help in this regard. I am a 22 year old male and am presently doing engineering in Chennai.

Answer: Since you are a student, give your utmost attention to studies. Rest of the time try to study more and more of Swami Vivekananda's Works. Reading Swami Vivekananda itself will put you on the right track.

Question: When I try to concentrate on the my thoughts - I can almost see the part of the mind which carries the impression that comes from my actions and engagements in day to day life , then I also see the part of mind that is really observing the flow, I feel I can take control on this process but this is also a thought which only stops the previous thought .
Then I feel for sometime the thought process becomes very vague and fuzzy - sort of blankness. but still I am quite aware that even that is a thought. I feel my body is sort of transparent but I am still aware that this is also a thought - I just can not reach anywhere beyond one form of thought to other. I feel I am just hitting a hopeless wall and do not know where to go from here. Though I feel quite relaxed and good after this process but I feel I am not going anywhere beyond this temporary relaxation. Is there something else that I can do ?

Answer: The real happiness will not come until you reach the thoughtless state. Try to make the mind free all thoughts by constantly observing what the mind is doing. Jumping from one thought to another is not a solution.

Response to the above Answer: Thank you for your kind guidance. The jumping of thought comes as I try to identify the "I" (who am I query as advised by many) and then try to reach the next observer of the current thought, as I perceive. Do I understand you correctly that you are asking me to stop this query and just observe the thoughts continuously as it comes. It is my good fortune to have your guidance.

Reply to the above Response: Try to control the thoughts and observe it. No need to think 'who am I'. It is enough if you understand that you are different from mind. While observing, remember - mind should not be the observer, but mind is to be observed. If you patiently pursue it, it is possible to observe it. If you have time, have relaxation for about 30 minutes before meditation, then the process will be easy. During that time, try to make the mind as calm as possible.

RESPONSE to the Above REPLY : I am really grateful for your clear directive. Though at present I do not see or find any observer beyond my mind, I am sure if you have advised me to look for that, with your blessing I will be able to do it in course of practice. I mediate early morning at 5:00 AM. My mind is generally not very disturbed at that point. I do some initial slow deep breathing before I start attempting meditation. I will increase that time. Night I come home very late (around 9:30/10:00 PM) and find it difficult to sit for long. I would like meeting you sometime next month. ... ...

Reply to the above Response: I appreciate your sincerity. You will surely make progress, if you hold on to your practice. ... ...

Question: I am a student at University and know that I have enormous potential and can achieve extremely high grades, however when I sit down to study I lack total concentration. How can I increase my concentration in whatever I do. Does concentration also depend on your goals, if so, what should be the ultimate goal and how can it be intertwined with ordinary everyday goals.

Answer: The concentration you can achieve after practice of long time. Whenever you do any work, you have to put your whole mind and energy for that work for that period. Usually, when we do something, we will be thinking so many other things simultaneously. That is why we fail to achieve maximum success.

Question: Even though I am performing my duties effectively and going in the right path without disturbing the others in the way of spatiality I think the people around me are going away from me as I don't want to defend my mistakes and others too. when I say the same to my family members and friends they are treating me as the hurdle for there free and jolly life. Please suggest me the way to come out of it.

Answer: Do not bother about how the others speak of you so long your consciousness is clear and you are on the right path. After sometime they will come round and have regards to you. Truth takes time to get appreciation.

Question: Can you tell me the various paths to the realization of God according to the Hindu yoga philosophy?

Answer: Your question is very vague. However, there are four main paths in Hinduism for the realization of God. They are - 1. Jnana Yoga (the path of reasoning), 2. Karma Yoga (the path of action in the spirit of service to God), 3. Bhakti Yoga (the Path of Love for God), 4. Raja Yoga (the path of Meditation). I don't know from where exactly you are writing. However, you may ask for a catalogue of books from any of our centre and know more about it.

RESPONSE to the Above REPLY : Thank you for responding. I have been able to get detailed descriptions of each of these Yoga paths that you named. I used the information as part of what I taught to a class of middle school children. I am a Buddhist and my own practice is very close to Raja Yoga. I have traveled in India and have great respect for your religion. My first meditation teacher was a Hindu. I have been reading about Raja Yoga in the works of Swami Vivekananda.

Question: I have a question that is disturbing me for quite some time and I have not been able to find an answer. Not that this would be the end of doubt, but think that on the path of self-realization, this is the most basic doubt in my mind.Is it possible for a householder to have self-realization or is being a monk a pre-requisite?

Answer: Religious History says that both Sannyasins (monk) and householders have realised the Self. Only it is easy for a Sannyasin, because of the non-botheration of the family. He can spend more time in his spiritual practices. But if a householder puts the necessary efforts, he also has the possibility of realising the Self.

Question: I am 28 year old physician in States. I lead a fairly busy life. Please give me some simple spiritual exercises to practise. Looking forward to hearing from you.

Answer: Thank you for your letter & interest in spiritual practice. You should determine to spend fifteen minutes everyday in the morning before your work. Just sit and try to pray to whichever God you believe in for one or two minutes; and then try to concentrate your mind on 'Om' or on any light or on space. If you sincerely put your effort, you will be able to concentrate on it. It should bring peace. Continue it for one or two months and get back to me.

Question: I am a student. I always loose control on myself. Please help me out to control myself.

Answer: I am not been able to understand your problem correctly. Do you mean you are short tempered? If so, there are two methods: You have to practise meditation everyday and try to control you mind through it. Secondly, give constantly auto-suggestion to your mind saying, 'I should not become angry.' Both are no doubt a long process, but you are sure to attain success. There is a small booklet, "Mind and Its Control", published by Ramakrishna Mission. If you can get a copy of it and read, it will also help you.

Question: I practise meditation mostly during night. My main obstacle is sloth/sleepiness & lack of physical energy. Can you suggest me a remedy/cure.

Answer: Your problem is quite understandable. Try to change the time whichever is convenient to you. It must be before you get totally exhausted.

Question: Are all religions same?

Answer: The religious paths are different, but the goal is same.

Question: 1. Swamiji, I have a doubt. What is the exact use of japa?? Is concentration the only outcome of JAPA ?? If suppose I am able to get very good concentration in my work, then does that mean JAPA is not necessary?? (I am discussing purely from materialistic point of view). What does JAPA exactly do ??? The one benefit which I clearly see is concentration.
2. My second question is: What is the speciality of a MANTRA (say, Om Namah Shivaya). Why can't I say, "ABRACADABRA" and repeat it as a Mantra ? Please explain me the science behind this.

Answer: 1. The efficacy of Japa is to purify the mind. If you are concerned only about materialistic point of view, there is no necessity of Japa at all. By constantly doing Japa, more than concentration, it changes the whole personality internally and makes you a better and better man. You will reach a state where your personality will be - "Be good & do good". When you reach that state, you will have absolute contentment and happiness.
2. The Mantra is the name of the Lord which has been spiritually charged with power by the Guru.

Question: When one is meditating and thinking of his oneness with his true self or seeking comunion with God, there occurs a particular kind of pain in the back at a specific location (e.g., middle of the spine). However, this subsides after the pratice of meditation is over in a few minutes.
Also a series of progressive colors (red-green-orange at times, at certain other times, violet-blue) are seen at the centre of the eyebrows. However, the breath isn't perfectly controlled.
Could you please explain what these happenings imply - isn't the practitioner on the right track or is he going away?

Answer: The pain may be due to not being habituated to sit in that position. So try to change your position of sitting and experiment.
Don't give much importance to seeing colours, etc., so that your mind will be more interested in concentration than seeing these things.

Question: I am trying to practise meditation for some time. I am facing some problems:


1) I imagine the subject of meditation in the heart. I start off by concentrating on the heart but after some time as I go a little deeper in the concentration, I forget about the heart or the body and I imagine in the mind ( just like people day-dream in the mind ). I do it unconsciously but when I become aware that I am supposed to imagine in the heart, my concentration is broken. What should I do at this stage? Is it O.K. to give the control over to the mind or shall I try to revert back to the heart ?
2) Another great hurdle is my breath. When I breathe then there is flickering of my mind (The subject of meditation gets disturbed every time I breathe). This is preventing my furthur advancement in the practise of meditation.I do not practise any Pranayama separately but during meditation, I usually start of with a deep breath, which shortens gradually. Kindly advice soon.

Answer: 1. Continue your meditation, but see that you don't fall asleep. So long you are alert, it is alright. There is not much difference between heart and the mind. So long you are able to control your thoughts going outside, it is alright.
2. If the breath becomes a problem, try to concentrate your mind on the breath itself. Gradually you will be able to overcome this problem.

Question: Does meditation has any role in the formation of Medha Nadi, the astral nerve that gives MEDHA (INTELLIGENCE & MEMORY). How did Swami Vivekananda develop such sharp intelligence & memory ? Brahmacharya is practised by many but all do not develop such sharp intellegence.

Answer: By constant & long meditation, Medha Nadi is developed & felt. Medha Nadi definitely improves intelligence and memory. But, you have to do a long practice for it. Swamiji was an extra ordinary person. He was a born perfect. So, the things were easy for him. Brahmacharya has to be practised not merely physically but it must be also mentally. The mind has to be absolutely pure. Then only the intelligence grows.

Response to above Reply: Thanks for your reply. I have another query :

I have been practising meditation for several weeks. Initially there used to be problem in controlling the mind because other thoughts came into my mind but now there is no such problem as these thoughts no more come.
But the greatest hurdle that I face now is my breath. Every time I exhale there is a slight wavering of the mind and one pointedness cannot be achieved. I consider this the greatest hurdle in my practise. Do people who are competent in meditation hold their breath.
Also I want to know what is the role of Pranayama ? I mean Pranayama is a separate exercise but how does it help in meditation ?
I would be grateful if you reply.

Reply to the Above Response: I appreciate your sincerity in Spiritual Practice. If you are able to control your thoughts without observing the breath, try to do that. Otherwise, continue to observe the breath. Gradually the wavering will stop.
Pranayama helps only to concentrate the mind ultimately. If you are able to do it without it, there is no need for Pranayama. Some practise Pranayama for the awakening of the Kundalini & its observation. But that is not very essential.

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